Congressional Budget Office

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Education

Education in the United States is primarily the responsibility of states and localities. However, the federal government annually provides about 10 percent of the funding for K–12 schooling and helps students finance higher education through two major programs—one that makes loans to borrowers and one that provides grants to low-income students. Between 2000 and 2009, the volume of outstanding federal student loans more than quadrupled to reach $630 billion and annual spending for grants more than tripled to stand at $27 billion. The federal tax code also offers favorable taxation treatment to educational institutions. CBO has analyzed the costs and economic impact of these and other policies that affect education.
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Tax Arbitrage by Colleges and Universities

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April 30, 2010

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Costs and Policy Options for Federal Student Loan Programs

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March 25, 2010


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Costs and Policy Options for Federal Student Loan Programs

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March 25, 2010

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Budgetary Impact of the President's Proposal to Alter Federal Student Loan Programs

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March 15, 2010


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Budgetary Impact of the President's Proposal to Alter Federal Student Loan Programs

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March 15, 2010

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Student Loan and Pell Grant Programs - March 2010 Baseline

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March 5, 2010

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Subsidizing Infrastructure Investment with Tax-Preferred Bonds

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October 26, 2009

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Review of the Student Loan Community Proposal

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September 11, 2009

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The Estimated Cost of H.R. 3221, the Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act, Based on CBO's August Baseline

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September 9, 2009

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Subsidy Costs for Direct vs. Guaranteed Student Loans

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July 27, 2009


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