Distribution of Federal Taxes
- Report
The Distribution of Household Income, 2014
In 2014, average household income before accounting for means-tested transfers and federal taxes was $19,000 for the lowest quintile and $281,000 for the highest quintile. After transfers and taxes, those averages were $31,000 and $207,000.
- Report
Distributional Effects of Changes in Taxes and Spending Under the Conference Agreement for H.R. 1
CBO and the staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation provide information about the distributional effects of the conference agreement for H.R. 1.
- Report
The Distribution of Asset Holdings and Capital Gains
In this report, CBO and the staff of the Joint Committee on Taxation examine the distribution of capital assets and net capital gains and losses in 2010 by type of asset and by the income and age of the asset holder.
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The Distribution of Household Income and Federal Taxes, 2013
In 2013, households in the top, middle, and bottom income quintiles received 53, 14, and 5 percent, respectively, of the nation's before-tax income and paid 69, 9, and 1 percent, respectively, of federal taxes.
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The Distribution of Household Income and Federal Taxes, 2011
In 2011, households in the top, middle, and bottom quintiles received 52, 14, and 5 percent of the nation's before-tax income, respectively; the shares of federal taxes paid by those households were 69, 9, and 1 percent.
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The Distribution of Household Income and Federal Taxes, 2010
Households in the top quintile (including the top percentile) paid 68.8 percent of all federal taxes, households in the middle quintile paid 9.1 percent, and those in the bottom quintile paid 0.4 percent.
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The Distribution of Federal Spending and Taxes in 2006
CBO analyzes the distribution of most federal spending—including transfers such as Social Security benefits—and almost all federal revenues among U.S. households in 2006. Results are provided by type of household and by income group.
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The Distribution of Major Tax Expenditures in the Individual Income Tax System
In 2013, the benefits of 10 of the largest tax expenditures will equal 11.7 percent of income for households in the lowest income quintile, 9.4 percent for the highest quintile, and under 8 percent for the middle quintiles, CBO estimates.
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The Distribution of Household Income and Federal Taxes, 2008 and 2009
The recent recession had an impact on income, amount of taxes owed, and average tax rates. Changes in households’ before-tax income and average tax rates in 2008 and 2009 were substantial and differed across the income distribution.
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Trends in the Distribution of Household Income Between 1979 and 2007
CBO finds that, between 1979 and 2007, income grew by: 275 percent for the top 1 percent of households; 65 percent for the next 19 percent; just under 40 percent for the next 60 percent; and 18 percent for the bottom 20 percent.