Tax Credits
- Report
Inflation and Its Effects
CBO addresses how household income is affected when inflation exceeds the growth of labor income, who pays higher taxes when inflation rises, and how high and unexpected inflation affects economic growth.
- Report
The Distribution of Household Income, 2018
In 2018, average household income after accounting for means-tested transfers and federal taxes was $37,700 among households in the lowest quintile and $243,900 among households in the highest quintile.
- Report
Additional Information About CBO’s Estimates of the Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriation Bill and the Effects of the Hyde Amendment
CBO provides additional information about estimates of the Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriation Bill and the Effects of the Hyde Amendment.
- Report
The Budgetary Effects of the Employee Retention Tax Credit During the Coronavirus Pandemic
CBO provides additional information about the budgetary effects of the employee retention tax credit.
- Report
The Budgetary Effects of the Tax Credit for Employer-Paid Sick and Family Leave During the Coronavirus Pandemic
CBO provides additional information about the budgetary effects of the tax credit for employer-paid sick and family leave.
- Working Paper
Discrete Choice Models for Estimating Labor Supply: Working Paper 2021-04
This paper evaluates discrete choice models as tools for analyzing the effects of tax and transfer policies on labor supply.
- Report
A Public Option for Health Insurance in the Nongroup Marketplaces: Key Design Considerations and Implications
CBO describes the key design considerations for a federally administered nongroup health insurance plan—often referred to as a public option—and some of their major implications.
- Report
Options for Reducing the Deficit: 2021 to 2030
CBO periodically issues a compendium of policy options and their effects on the federal budget. This document provides estimates of the budgetary savings from 83 options that would decrease federal spending or increase federal revenues.
- Report
The Distribution of Household Income, 2017
In 2017, average household income before accounting for means-tested transfers and federal taxes was $21,300 for the lowest quintile and $309,400 for the highest quintile. After transfers and taxes, those averages were $35,900 and $229,700.
- Report
Federal Subsidies for Health Insurance Coverage for People Under 65: 2020 to 2030
CBO and JCT project that federal subsidies, taxes, and penalties associated with health insurance coverage for people under age 65 will result in a net subsidy from the federal government of $920 billion in 2021 and $1.4 trillion in 2030.